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That is if you have console connectivity to the host, which might not be the case for some remote systems.
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We often take the physical layer for granted ("did you make sure the cable is plugged in?"), but we can easily troubleshoot physical layer problems from the Linux command line. With that background out of the way, let’s jump to the command line and start troubleshooting. Start with the application, and then gradually troubleshoot each lower layer until you’ve isolated the problem. In general, it’s a good idea to work your way down the stack. For example, if you can SSH to a server, but the server can’t connect to a MySQL database, the problem is unlikely to be the physical or data link layers on the local server. Where to start troubleshooting is situation-dependent. I’ll assume that you are familiar with this model, and will proceed by discussing ways to troubleshoot issues at stack Layers 1 through 4. The layers in the TCP/IP network model, in order, include: While most people use the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model to discuss network theory, the TCP/IP model more accurately represents the suite of protocols that are deployed in modern networks. A quick review of the TCP/IP modelįirst, let’s take a moment to review the fundamentals of the TCP/IP network model. In this article, we’ll cover the basics of network troubleshooting via the Linux command line. Similarly, we can often save time by performing some initial troubleshooting on our own. By having a basic understanding of network troubleshooting, we can bring stronger evidence to our networking colleagues when we suspect that the network may be at fault. This fact is especially true for sysadmins. Taking time to understand the basics of someone’s domain can go a long way toward improving relationships with other teams and shepherding faster resolutions to problems. Network admins, unable to control the servers and fatigued by the "guilty until proven innocent" attitude toward the network, would often blame the network endpoints.
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Sysadmins, lacking visibility into the network, would often blame the network for outages or strange issues. When I worked in a network-focused role, one of the biggest challenges was always bridging the gap between network and systems engineering.
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